Emperor Qinzong of Song

Handed the throne by a father who wanted no part of the siege, he negotiated, paid, refused, and lost the city. The Jingkang Incident of 1127 — the sack of Kaifeng and the deportation of the entire court — is the catastrophe against which every later Chinese dynastic collapse is measured.

He died in the north in 1156, having outlived his father by twenty-one years.

His empress Zhu was twenty-five when she was taken; she drowned herself in captivity rather than accept what was being done to the Song women.